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حسابداری و مالی::
سیاست مالی
Country risk analysis began to focus more on economic policies, especially the mismatch between domestic fiscal policy and - at that time mostly pegged - currency regimes.
At the time, these countries had no major problems with their fiscal policies or a too rapid
expansionary fiscal policies in the aftermath of the fall of the Berlin Wall was not appropriate
Foreign-currency reserves built up during the oil boom of the 2000s enabled most governments in the Gulf to pursue expansionary fiscal policies, thus providing a cushion to growth in the global economy.
over US fiscal policies, preventing an infrastructure-led investment spurt.
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2
اقتصاد::
سیاست مالی
'More powerful measures' would thus be needed to restrain investment in wartime - either restrictive fiscal policy or direct controls (Kaldor, 1939c, p. 153).
It is not surprising that Kaldor's 58-page appendix to the Beveridge Report on Full Employment in a Free Society was devoted almost entirely to fiscal policy and had nothing to say about monetary policy; the continuation of the wartime policy of cheap money is assumed, but more for its beneficial effects on income distribution than for its contribution to good macroeconomic management (Kaldor, 1944, p. 399).
The postwar Labour government in the United Kingdom did emphasize fiscal policy, Kaldor later acknowledged.
'Since 1951', however, 'the policies adopted by the Conservative Government have meant that more reliance has been placed on instruments of monetary control and less reliance on fiscal policy than before' (Kaldor, 1955, p. 103).
The experience of recent years tends to show that once Governments become accustomed to think of controlling the economy through the instruments of credit policy, the pressure for tax relief may force their hands and cause them to rely more and more on monetary policy and less and less on fiscal policy.
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